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Joseph Polidoro /

The Fluoridation Fracas, Explained

Studies have validated fluoride’s benefits at low levels, but newer research shows risks.
Municipal water fluoridation
Randy Nichols checks the feed rate of hydrofluorosilicic acid, a type of fluoride in tanks at left, as it is added to water at the Kennebunk, Kennebunkport, and Wells Water District in Maine in 2016. (Photo by Gregory Rec/Portland Portland Press Herald via Getty Images)

It’s been 60 years since Stanley Kubrick’s Dr. Strangelove satirized fears about water fluoridation. But an insistent minority within the scientific community that has questioned its safety is getting renewed attention, raising concerns about whether fluoridation has outlived its purpose. 

Earlier this year, fluoridation had its day in court—and lost, to fluoridation skeptics.

Joseph Polidoro is a Sarasota, Florida-based independent science writer. His work has appeared in Scientific American and Science News.

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